OCCUPY RICHARD II

From hundreds of uprisings in the last two thousand years over thirty can be considered peasant type of rebellion. The oldest on record is the Daze Village Revolt in China in 209 B.C. About 1000 participants under leadership of two disgraced army officers Wu Guang and Chen Sheng organized popular rebelion against provincional ruler Quin. After Chen was murdered by a traitor and Guang was killed in internal strife by other officers the army quickly and therefore  brutally by the army.

The revolts long list ends in 1946 with an eruption of armed peasant action in Indian province of Hyderabad aimed against the Nizam of the province Mir Osman Ali Khan Asif Jah VII who took the office thirty-five years ago few hours after his predecessor had passed away. He supported the landlords who kept their labourers in an undeclared slavery and against whom the malcontents turned their armed attention. Another of their goals was cancellantion of debts. Jah was overturned in 1948 but the rebellion continued for another three years.

There were minor peasant disturbances in England, mostly agaimst local landlords, yet only two serious uprisings, one erupted in 1381 and one would follow in 1549. The latter was caused by the landlords who enclosed public lands with hedges as to cutt of the acces to the pastures to the peasant's  sheep. It started with attack against big landowner and attorney John  Flowerdew and was led by Robert Kett, a large landowner from Wymondham  who originally did not allow the peasants' sheep to graze on his property only to tear penitently  his fences down later. The rebels elected under the Tree of Reformation, an oak close to Mousehold a representative body which presented the King's with twenty-nine grievances. The perpetrators were taken seriously however, when about 18000 peasants marched against Norwich, at that time the second largest city after London. On July 21 on advise of his counsellors the twelve years old King Edward ignoring the rebels' twenty nine points offered them  on July 21 amnesty. Under the command, or rather a leadership of the intelligent Rober Kett marched against Norwich. 

Norwich mayor refused to admitt  the rebels entrance to the city. As recompensation the city provided food. When the King did not accept the complaints, Norwich refused to feed the group and Kett occupied the poorly defended city split between supporters and opponents of Kett. Thomas Aldrich and Robert Watson, two eminent citizens joined the peasantss. Later a popular preacher Thomas Codd followed the insurrection.

The local government was unable to deal effectively with the problem. It was hard to justify an attack against thousands of men who repeatedly proclaimed allegiance to the King and by their exemplary discipline proved their loyalty to him.  There were exceptions. On July 19 the radical from among the rebels murdered in Norwich Lord Sheffield. Some contemporary sources maintained he fell from his horse and was stabbed by a butcher who did not belong to Kett's forces. Even had the victim been assassinated by a member of Kett'a army, sporadic acts of violence do not make the insurgents a bloodthirsty mob. In each peaceful mass movement exist radical individuals as in extremely rigid organization hide some moderate elements.        Soon Sir William Parr arrived on the scene. His forces proved unsufficient to deal with the rebellion. Alarmed King's advisors ordered Edward Seymor, Duke of Somerset to assembly a powerfull army and supress the rebellion. Under John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland his prevalently German and French mercenaries defeated the peasants in an unequal battle at Dussindale, a location archeologists are unable to identify. About three thousand peasants died in the battle and 300 were hanged, some of them on the Tree of Reformation. Kett and his brother William were captured and imprisoned in Tower. After some time spent in the well appointed torture chamber they were hanged, drawn and quartered close to Norwich.

In three years the Black Death decimated Europe and British isolation was not to any awail. The commercial ships traffic had easily brought the epidemic to the Country. Several independent  contemporary sources in various countries reached consensus that Europe lost more than one third of her four millions inhabitants  to the bubonic plague. Medicall scientists believe that fleas whose host were rats carried the disease to people. Once infected, the person would succumb mostly in 24 hours. It is noteworthy that three fiction books each with chapter describing plague met with an enormous international succes: "I Promessi Sposi" /"Betrothed"/ by Italian author Alessandro Manzoni, "Story of San Michele" by Axel Munthe and "Arrowsmith" by Sinclair Lewis. The background of Manzoni's novel is the devastating bubonic plague that erupted in 1656 and claimed more than fifty per cent of the 360000 of Naples' population. In Italy the book is required reading for students who enter nineth grade and is the most read novel in the country. Neither Edmondo D'Amicis'  Il Cuore /Heart of a Boy in English translation/ nor Grazia Deledda /"we are like the reeds in the wind"/ surpassed Manzoni in popularity although Il Cuore published  in 1866 on October 17 the first day of Italian schoolyear in several months  reached 40 printings and in one year over sixty.  More than hundred years ago there were few schools in Italy and many analphabetics: not because of lack of ability but because of the lack of opportunity. Other countries were not much  better off and no one presented the problem better than Dickens in England and Victor Hugo in France. Deledda was author of numerous novel, in Italy as abroad the most popular is Elias Portolu. In 1926 she was awarded the well deserved Nobel Prize. To appreciate her success here are her competitors: Between 1920 and 1930 among the winners were: Sinclair Lewis, Sigrid Undset, Bernard Shaw,Wladislav S. Reymont, Henri Bergson, Anatole France, William Butler Yeats /"your idea, not mine"/,Undset countryman, the Chicago streetcar conductor and Kristiania toiler  Knut Hamsun. /Now compare this galaxy with the Nobel prize winners of the last decade. It is like to compare the Milky Way to black holes/.  And still Grazia Deledda did not reach his popularity   Without perforating the tickets and urging  passengers move forward in America and selling blanketts in Norway he would not have written  Growth of the Soil,  Vagabonds or Hunger and neither Oline nor Isak would have been born. be bor  Do not forget "I did not suffer any pain, my hunger had taken the edge off, instead"/. In order to get an audience with Hitler he gave him his Nobel Prize medal. In the meeting he importuned the Chancelor with rather Viking tonality to release the Norwegian prisoners from German camps. Adolf Hitler responded with an unnerved Viking  counterattack and did not  granted clemency to any of them. Due to his charater he did not stop to support the Fuhrer and after the war  was imprisoned. The prison affected his mental capacity and for this reason was found not guilty of treason. But the Norway government sued him in civil court for damages and he was sentenced to pay over three hundred thousands Kroner which with the veil raised meant confiscation of his entire property. This practice can by used by our courts as well. His second trial did not violated the fourteen hundred years old Codex Justinianus' double jeopardy clause: American Fifth Amendment allows for  five exceptions to the double jeopardy rule. Even if Norway had the same law  his defense did nor raise the question for none of the exceptions was applicable: someway the fact that two, although different courts tried the voluble case, double jeopardy  could not be considered because the first indictment charged treason and the second lesser damages to the Kingdom's  something. It is doubtful that the judges had an idea what it was, but it is certain that Solomon would be mystified             

It is immoral to wait for WWIII to see if this theorem is correct as was immoral to expect all previous conflicts. But the chief reason the defense did not succeded is contained in the International Supreme Law of the World which summarizes all the wisdom of ages in the perdurable line; "It is impossible to urinate against the wind. Notably, Hamsun was at that time 86 years old and continued write while in the asylum. It rased two questions: first, how an insane person can create  great literature and the second, how a person writting great literaturre can be demented. UNESCO and Haag agenda. He himself inclined to the second proposition, blaming the courts and annihilating the psychiatrists' astrology: and it was more than many years before the human minefield around Freud was carefully removed: a pyrotechnic can stray from his destiny only once. Many men of the couch bled to death having stepped on the personal mines of psychoanalysis. Hamsun exposed the ignorance and corruption of mental doctors about thirty years before doctor Morozov, doctor Daniel Lunts and scores of their colleagues in scores of asylums like Serbsky Institut and Kaschenlo Institut were raping the science and burying its corpses in rodnaya Ruskaja zemlja while in Novaya Zemlja were freezing the brave. I am angry with myself I do not remember where i have read: "It is the brave who die first Twenty-six years after his death Danish writer Thorkild Hansen wrote Processen Mod Hamsun, a book which would become a basis for the movie  "Hamsun". In the book he sharply criticized Norway authorities for criminal treatment of the Nobel Prize winner. "If you want to meet idiots, go to Norway". To Ezra Pound we will come: abbia pazienza!  Another critic wrote about Hamsun: "He is a ghost that  will not stay in grave: it did not. The longer he is dead, the shallover his grave and liverier his ashes. Dike's mother would  in anger tear her blindfold and in  in pain drop her failed scales. Mathis Erzberger, former German Catholic Vice-Chancellor and delegate to the  Versailles premature funeral of the quasi dead Germany, after signing his country's  farewell letter before her suicide by inflation and murder by hunger /  Fare thee well and if for ever, Still for ever, fare thee well/, he turned to marshal Foch: "A nation of seventy millions suffers, but does not die".    Henrik Ibsen was a legitimate candidate but at that time the commission of magna cum laude  pretenders did not considered dramatists.  In current worldwide literary terror perfecting the Fedin's garotting  his Soviet fellows' mouths and guillotining their  hearts  no critic dares critize the pornography of characters.